Electric Dipole & Field Intensity af Dipole on Axial line And Equotorial Line

After Two Days I am going To A Post A Topic Sorry For The Delay

Electric Dipole :

A system of two equal and apposite point charges separated by a small distance is called Electric Dipole

We regard a molecule is a collection of atomic nuclie surrounded by a cloud of negative Charge. Several molecules ( e.g HCL,H20 etc ). Behave as Electric Dipole. In these molecules called as polar molecules, The centre of positive Charge doesn't coincide with the negative charge. The result is one end of molecule is positively charges and another end is negativity charged. Although the molecule behaves as the electric Dipole.

Fig showing a Electric Dipole

The figure shows an electric Dipole of (+Q,-Q) separated by a small distance 2a

Electric Dipole Moment (P) :

The behavior of a Electric Dipole is described by a vector (P) called as Electric Dipole Moment. The magnitude of the dipole moment is equal to product of their charges and distance between them [ P = Q×2a ]

Field Intensity On the Axial Line Of Dipole :

Field Intensity on the Axial Line of dipole

Consider an electric Dipole consisting of charge "+Q" and "-Q" separated by a small distance " 2a" in a free space.

Let "P" be a point on Axial line of the dipole at a distance of "x" from the centre "O" of the dipole ( OP=x )
The magnitude of resultant field Intensity due to dipole at point'P' given by

Field Intensity on the equotorial line of Dipole :

Field Intensity on the equotorial line of Dipole

Consider a Electric Dipole consisting of charges +Q and -Q separated by a small distance 2a in free space

Let P be a point on equotorial line of a dipole at a distance of "x" from centre O of the dipole ( i.e OP=x ) the magnitude of Electric field Intensity at a point P due to the Dipole is