Some Electrical Terminology Most Important..

Some Electrical Terminology Most Important

There are certain theorems, which when applied to the solutions of electric networks, wither
simplify the network itself or render their analytical solution very easy. These theorems can also be applied to an a.c. system, with the only difference that impedances replace the ohmic resistance of d.c. system. Different electric circuits (according to their properties) are defined below :

1) Circuit
A circuit is a closed conducting path through which an electric current either flows

or is intended flow.

2) Parameters The various elements of an electric circuit are called its parameters like resistance, inductance and capacitance. These parameters may be lumped or distributed.

3) Linear Circuits
A linear circuit is one whose parameters are constant i.e. they do not change
with voltage or current.

4) Non Linear Circuits it is that circuit whose parameters change with voltage or current.

5) Bilateral CircuitsA bilateral circuit is one whose properties or characteristics are the same
in either direction. The usual transmission line is bilateral, because it can be made to perform its function equally well in either direction.

6) Unilateral Circuits It is that circuit whose properties or characteristics change with the
direction of its operation. A diode rectifier is a unilateral circuit, because it cannot perform
rectification in both directions.

7) Electric Network
A combination of various electric elements, connected in any manner
whatsoever, is called an electric network.

8) Passive Network
Passive Network is one which contains no source of e.m.f. in it.

9) Active Network
Active Network is one which contains one or more than one source of e.m.f.

10) Node
 Node is a junction in a circuit where two or more circuit elements are connected together.

11) Branch
Branch is that part of a network which lies between two junctions.

12) Loop
 It is a close path in a cir￾cuit in which no element or node
is encountered more than once.

13)Mesh
 It is a loop that contains
no other loop within it.

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Dc Series. And Parallel Circuits

DC SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUITS

1)Series Circuits

When the resistors are connected end to end ,so that they form only one path to flow current ,

Then the resistors are said to be connected in series and such Circuits are called as series Circuits

If three Resistors,R1,R2,R3, are connected in series then the equivalent Resistance 

Is equal to 

Equivalent Resistance R=R1+R2+R3

If no of resistors resistors connected in series then equivalent Resistance 

R=R1+R2+R3+R4+---------+Rn

In series Circuits

• Total Voltage is equal to the Sum of Voltage across the each resistors i.e V=V1+V2+V3
• The current(i) always equal in the series Circuits

2) Parallel Circuits

When a number of resistors are connected in such a way that one end of each of them is joined to a common point and other ends being join to another common point. Then the resistors are said to be connected in parallel and such Circuits are known as Parallel Circuits.

If resistors R1,R2,R3 Are connected in parallel then the equivalent Resistance 

1/R=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3

If there are n no of resistors are connected in parallel then equivalent Resistance is equal to

1/R=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3+---------1/Rn

In Parallel Circuits

• The total current is equal to the Sum currents in each branch i.e  I=I1+I2+I3
• The Voltage always equal in the Parallel Circuits

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